DCT Dual-Clutch Transmission - A Familiar Yet Unfamiliar Concept for Drivers

The transmission is probably no longer a foreign term for drivers, but few people are aware of the Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT) that is currently favored by many car manufacturers.

So, what is DCT? What are its structure and operating principles? What are its advantages and disadvantages?... Let's explore these details with Huynh Chau in the article below.

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DCT Transmission in Cars

1. What is DCT?

1.1. Definition of DCT

DCT stands for Dual-Clutch Transmission. This type of transmission features two clutches that operate independently. Currently, many automotive manufacturers have developed and implemented DCT in their vehicles, including well-known brands like Audi (S-tronic transmission), Mercedes (7G-DCT), BMW (Steptronic transmission), as well as others such as Ford, Hyundai, and KIA who are beginning to adopt this advanced transmission technology.

1.2. Structure of DCT

DCT has a structure similar to both manual transmissions (MT) and automatic transmissions (AT). Its gear sets resemble those of manual transmissions, accompanied by two clutches, while functioning like an automatic transmission.

In practice, these two clutches operate independently; one clutch controls the odd-numbered gears (1, 3, 5, etc.) while the other manages the even-numbered gears (2, 4, 6).

1.3. Operating Principles of DCT

The gears in a DCT function similarly to those in a manual transmission. The key difference is that the shifting mechanism operates automatically, similar to conventional automatic transmissions.

Typically, DCTs come in two main types: dry dual-clutch and wet dual-clutch. The wet dual-clutch includes additional transmission oil to cool and dissipate heat, increasing its torque capacity.

In contrast, the dry dual-clutch features a simpler structure, is lighter, and offers better fuel efficiency. Therefore, its cooling ability is limited to a certain torque threshold.

Most common vehicles use dry DCT transmissions due to their cost-effectiveness. For example, Ford's Powershift transmission and various models from Hyundai, such as the Hyundai Kona, Hyundai Elantra, or Hyundai Tucson, are equipped with a 7-speed DCT. KIA models, such as the KIA